Sertraline Wikipedia

SSRIs are known as second-generation antidepressants since they are newer than monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) and tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs). Zoloft is sometimes prescribed for social anxiety disorder and other phobias. Zoloft (sertraline) is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). By preventing reuptake, Zoloft can increase the amount of serotonin available in the brain. If you or someone you know has suicidal thoughts when taking an antidepressant, immediately contact your health care provider or get emergency help.

Obsessive–compulsive disorder

A 2019 systematic review suggested that sertraline may be a good way to control anger, irritability, and hostility in depressed patients and patients with other comorbidities. A disadvantage of sertraline is that it requires continuous daily treatment to delay ejaculation significantly. There are both negative and positive clinical trial results for sertraline, which may be explained by the types of psychological traumas, symptoms, and comorbidities included in the various studies. Continuous treatment with sub-therapeutic doses of sertraline (25 mg vs. usual 50–100 mg) is also effective. Taking sertraline only during the luteal phase, that is, the 12–14 days before menses is not as effective as continuous treatment.

It works by preventing the reuptake of serotonin, a neurotransmitter that affects mood.

Medical Professionals

If you find you are unable to cope with the side effects, call your healthcare provider immediately. They can suggest ways to cope or make medication changes if needed. Most symptoms tend to be minimal and generally improve over time. The type and severity of Zoloft side effects can vary from person to person. It typically takes several weeks for an antidepressant to begin working, so it is important to give it this time.

Most antidepressants are generally safe, but the U.S. Many kinds of antidepressants are available, and chances are you’ll be able to find one that works well for you. But if it doesn’t relieve your symptoms or it causes side effects that bother you, you may need to try another. Antidepressants are a popular treatment choice for depression. The prescribing information for sertraline includes several contraindications, or specific situations where the medication should not be used.

Antidepressants: Selecting one that’s right for you

Somewhat contrary to the above suggestions, a meta-analysis of sertraline clinical trials for PTSD found it to be statistically superior to placebo in the reduction of PTSD symptoms but the effect size was small. The National Institute for Clinical Excellence recommends it for patients who prefer drug treatment to a psychological one. Sertraline is effective in alleviating the symptoms of premenstrual dysphoric disorder, a severe form of premenstrual syndrome. The combination of sertraline and cognitive behavioral therapy appears to be more effective in children and young people than either treatment alone. All three major domains of the disorder (fear, avoidance, and physiological symptoms) respond to sertraline. The patients rated as “improved” on sertraline reported better quality of life than the ones who “improved” on placebo.

Alcohol

Around one in five people experience insomnia or trouble sleeping as a side effect of Zoloft. To cope with Zoloft-related nausea, you may find it helpful to take the medication with food. Let’s take a closer look at some of these effects and ways to help deal with them. Others are less common but may also be distressing. Your physician may change your dosage or switch you to a different medication.

Less Common Zoloft Side Effects

Certain antipsychotic medications are contraindicated with sertraline, meaning they should never be used together. Some people may be prescribed more than one antidepressant. Suddenly stopping zoloft and pepcid your medication can lead to withdrawal or a return of your symptoms. Talk to your physician about your symptoms if you are concerned about side effects.

Sertraline

Zoloft, like other SSRIs, works by blocking the reabsorption of serotonin into neurons in the brain. It also covers important precautions to be aware of before taking this medication. This article discusses how Zoloft works and possible side effects you might experience.

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requires all antidepressants, including sertraline, to carry a boxed warning stating that antidepressants increase the risk of suicide in persons younger than 25 years. Sexual arousal disorder, defined as “inadequate lubrication and swelling for women and erectile difficulties for men”, occurred in 12% of people on sertraline as compared with 1% of patients on placebo. For example, a meta-analysis of 12 new-generation antidepressants showed that sertraline and escitalopram are the best in terms of efficacy and acceptability in the acute-phase treatment of adults with depression.

Antidepressants and risk of suicide

Over a two-week treatment of healthy volunteers, sertraline slightly improved verbal fluency but did not affect word learning, short-term memory, vigilance, flicker fusion time, choice reaction time, memory span, or psychomotor coordination. This result compares favorably with placebo, where, according to the literature, 3–6% of patients gained more than 7% of their initial weight. A 30-month-long treatment with sertraline for OCD also resulted in no significant weight gain. The prescribing information recommends that treatment of the elderly and patients with liver impairment “must be approached with caution”.

• Development of tametraline was soon stopped because of undesired stimulant effects observed in animals.
• Those that most often result in interruption of the treatment are nausea, diarrhea, and insomnia.
• Continuous treatment with sub-therapeutic doses of sertraline (25 mg vs. usual 50–100 mg) is also effective.
• The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requires all antidepressants, including sertraline, to carry a boxed warning stating that antidepressants increase the risk of suicide in persons younger than 25 years.

Weissman and Koe recalled that the group did not set up to produce an antidepressant of the SSRI type—in that sense their inquiry was not “very goal driven”, and the invention of the sertraline molecule was serendipitous. In contrast, CYP2B6 poor metabolizers have 1.6-fold higher levels of sertraline and intermediate metabolizers have 1.2-fold higher levels. Relative to CYP2C19 normal (extensive) metabolizers, poor metabolizers have 2.7-fold higher levels of sertraline and intermediate metabolizers have 1.4-fold higher levels. There is an approximate 2-fold accumulation of sertraline with continuous administration and steady-state levels are reached within one week. Following a single oral dose of sertraline, mean peak blood levels of sertraline occur between 4.5 and 8.4 hours. In a placebo-controlled study in which sertraline was co-administered with lithium, 35% of the subjects experienced tremors, while none of those taking placebo did.

• While nefazodone and bupropion do not have negative effects on sexual functioning, 67% of men on sertraline experienced ejaculation difficulties versus 18% before the treatment.
• By preventing reuptake, Zoloft can increase the amount of serotonin available in the brain.
• The mood improvement resulting from the treatment with sertraline sometimes counteracted these side effects, so that sexual desire and overall satisfaction with sex stayed the same as before the sertraline treatment.

CYP2C19 inhibitor esomeprazole increased sertraline concentrations in blood plasma by approximately 40%. This effect is dose-dependent; for example, co-administration with 50 mg of sertraline resulted in 20% greater exposure to desipramine, while 150 mg of sertraline led to a 70% increase. Accordingly, in human trials it caused increased blood levels of CYP2D6 substrates such as metoprolol, dextromethorphan, desipramine, imipramine and nortriptyline, as well as the CYP3A4/CYP2D6 substrate haloperidol.

If you take either sertraline or an MAOI, your healthcare provider will not prescribe the other drug. Sertraline is contraindicated with MAOI drugs, meaning they should never be used together. People who take both Dilantin and sertraline will need to have their Dilantin levels closely monitored, with a possible lowered Dilantin dosage, if needed. Dilantin, a common brand of phenytoin, is a prescription drug used to prevent certain types of seizures. When taken together, the risk of bleeding may be significantly increased. Blood thinners (anticoagulants) are prescribed to prevent blood clots, but they can also increase the risk of bleeding.

Common side effects often last one to two weeks until you get used to your medication. Side effects from Zoloft tend to be manageable and often go away on their own as your body adjusts to your medication. Always tell your care provider about any other medications, supplements, or substances you take to avoid potentially dangerous drug interactions. When prescribed in children or adolescents, Zoloft can cause a slightly different range of side effects, some of which are less common in adults. Also, many people lose their appetite and lose weight when they’re depressed, so weight gain may just be a result of them feeling better when they’re on the drug. Participants were also 29% more likely to move up a weight category—from normal to overweight or overweight to obese—than those not on antidepressants.